How can you help someone with Multiple Sclerosis?
If someone is suffering from Multiple Sclerosis it means there central nervous system is affected which is responsible for sending signals.
The central nervous system is affected by a demyelinating disease known as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Multiple Sclerosis has an auto-immune origin. The central nerve is protected and covered by the myelin sheath which helps in facilitating nerve conduction. In multiple sclerosis, patients may experience myelin sheath of nerve fibers are attacked by the body's immune system. The damage caused to the protective cover of the nerve may result in the disruption of nerve signals. Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis may experience several symptoms. You should advise your friend or family member who is experiencing symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis to seek medical help immediately to get the right treatment. An expert doctor will diagnose the disease closely asking you to undergo some tests. He may even seek your medical history for accurate diagnosis of the prevailing condition.
After examining your condition he would suggest the best treatment for Multiple Sclerosis suiting your condition which focuses on a speedy recovery and manage the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Mild symptoms of multiple sclerosis get resolved over time without any treatment whereas serious and persistent symptoms need to be treated on time.
Some common symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis
Patients suffering from multiple sclerosis may experience:
Unsteadiness or instability
Vertigo or spinning sensation
Fatigue
Blur vision or loss of vision
Clumsiness or difficulty in coordination
Slurring of speech or unclear speech
Cognitive problems for Eg. difficulty in concentration and changes in memory
Some common diagnostic test carried by the doctor to examine Multiple Sclerosis
Here is a list of some common tests to diagnose the disease accurately:
1. MRI of brain
Brain MRI is a common test to diagnose multiple sclerosis. It helps in detecting the presence of plaques. The stage of the disease is closely determined after examining the location of plaques.
2. Evoked potential tests
Stimulation of nerve pathways to map electrical activity within the brain. The evoked potentials used are visual, sensory and brainstem.
3. Spinal tap or lumbar puncture
This is done to check for auto-immune antibodies.
4. Videonystagmography (VNG)
This test uses infrared cameras to track eye movements during different tests. MS patients may present with various eye signs like spontaneous nystagmus, ocular flutter, difficulty in holding the gaze, hyperventilation-induced nystagmus and direction-changing nystagmus.
Treatments for multiple sclerosis
1.Self-injectable treatment
In self-injectable treatment, certain medicines prescribed by doctors such as Beta interferons, Glatiramer acetate, etc. are injected by an injection to the body. It can be practiced at home after the proper guidance of the doctor to inject safely beneath the skin or directly into the muscles. It helps in reducing the frequency and severity of the disease.
2. Infusion treatment
Infusion treatment can’t be practiced at home it needs proper clinical settings. Infusion medicines like Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus), Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada), Natalizumab (Tysabri), Mitoxantrone (Novantrone), etc. can not be taken at home. Your doctor will advise you on the pros and cons of infusion treatments before starting it. The dosage for infusion medication varies from person to person depending on the severity of the underlying cause.
3. Oral treatment
As the name suggests its the simplest treatment for easing the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. It is an easy option than injecting needles or visiting clinics. Taking a course of prescribed medicines daily works effectively in treating multiple sclerosis. Fingolimod (Gilenya), Dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera), Teriflunomide (Aubagio), Siponimod (Mayzent) are some of the common medicines prescribed by doctors to take regularly for treating the disease.
What is Treatment of Acoustic Neuroma?
Acoustic neuroma is also known as vestibular schwannomas or neurolemmomas. Acoustic neuroma is a result of a slow-growing non-cancerous tumour of the vestibular nerve. The vestibular nerve is responsible for sending sensory signals from the inner ear to the brain which helps in maintaining balance and for hearing. The blockage in the vestibular system results in making the person feel dizzy or off-balance. The nerve is even responsible for hearing, the inflammation or disorder in the vestibular nerve can cause hindrance in hearing, resulting in hearing loss and tinnitus (ringing in the ear). Acoustic neuromas start growing slowly in the later stage, but you may start experiencing symptoms quite suddenly. The large tumour affects the brain stem or cerebellum, by gradually exerting some pressure on the brain, however, they do not damage the brain. The tumour does not spread in the other part of the body but the large tumours can prove to be a life-threatening cause for the patients. It even presses nearby cranial nerves that are responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression and sensation. A large percentage of people between the age limit ranging from 30 to 60 years are diagnosed with Acoustic neuroma every year. Sometimes patients take some time in diagnosing the symptoms as the tumour grows slowly. Hearing loss in either of the ears, ringing sensation known as tinnitus, Facial numbness, weakness or a feeling of tingling on the face, Unsteadiness or loss of balance are some of the common symptoms of Acoustic neuroma or neurolemmomas. If the case becomes complex or has entered the later stage, patients of Acoustic neuroma may experience some symptoms like change in taste, change in voice, difficulty in swallowing & so on. It is advised to seek medical help immediately as soon as you start observing any Acoustic neuroma symptoms. Treating the condition on time helps in curing the condition. Your doctor will diagnose the underlying condition and would suggest the right treatment for the same accordingly.
Diagnosis and treatment for Acoustic Neuroma
As you visit a medical professional after experiencing symptoms of Acoustic Neuroma, your doctor would ask you to undergo various tests like Videonystagmography (VNG), Audiometry, MRI, etc. for examining and evaluating the underlying condition and the size of the tumour. The accurate diagnosis of such a condition helps in getting the right treatment. The growth of Acoustic Neuroma tumours is monitored through serial MRIs.
Before suggesting the treatment your doctor will seek the complete medical history along with the age of the patient. In some rare cases, if the tumour is small doctors may ask for watchful waiting and would recommend no further action. Your doctor will suggest the treatment of Acoustic Neuroma depending on the underlying condition and the size of the tumour. He would recommend surgery and radiation if tumours are causing symptoms of compression.
Surgery depends on the intensity of hearing loss, size of the tumour and the general condition of the patient. Whereas radiation is used to shrink and kill the tumour cells of the vestibular nerve.
Before doctors suggest radiation for treating Acoustic Neuroma, he would check the size and shape of the tumour along with the age and medical history. Radiation is often advised if the tumour can’t be decreased in size surgically.
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A survey reports that 90% of people who suffer
from the loss of hearing ability account for Sensorineural hearing loss. It can
be mild, severe or permanent, it entirely depends upon the underlying cause and
severity of the condition. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to the damage
in the hair cells that are present in your inner ear or damage to the nerve,
that crosses from the inner ear to the brain while carrying signals to the
brain. Age factor is one of the most common causes of sensorineural hearing
loss in people, but several other factors are responsible for the same.
Sensorineural hearing loss is categorized into
two parts, congenital and acquired sensorineural hearing loss. Congenital
hearing loss occurs during pregnancy due to various factors like prematurity,
genetics, diabetes to the mother, lack of oxygen supply during the birth and so
on. Whereas hearing loss that occurs after the birth can be caused due to
various external factors like exposure to loud noise, injury, infection, side
effects of certain drugs or age-related issues.
Some of the common causes of
acquired sensorineural hearing loss
1. Aging
Aging
is the most important factor that is responsible for causing a hearing
disability in a person. A study reports that a majority of people between the
age group of 65-75 years are diagnosed with Sensorineural hearing loss. It
occurs over time and affects both the ears of the person, which makes it quite
difficult to get noticed.
2. Exposure to loud sound
Exposure
to loud music or noise for an elongated period results in hearing loss.
Exposure to sound louder than 85 decibels result in such a condition.
3. Disease and infection
a person can experience sensorineural hearing loss if he/she is exposed to
various diseases such as mumps, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, ménières
disease, etc.
4. Side effects of certain
medicines
A side effect of certain drugs like aspirin,
cisplatin, quinine or the antibiotics streptomycin & gentamicin, can even
cause certain infections and cause sensorineural hearing loss in a person.
5. Tumors
An abnormal skin growth in the middle ear
leads to sensorineural hearing loss in a patient. Acoustic neuroma, a benign
tumor is a common tumor that affects the auditory system and cholesteatoma.
Symptoms of sensorineural
hearing loss
1. A person may experience loud sound in one ear
2. A person may experience difficulty in hearing in noisy areas
3. Unable to hear women's voice
4. Unable to recognize high-pitched sounds (such as "s" or
"th") from one another
5. When you start hearing unclear voices from other people
6. If you are experiencing Meniere disease, you may start feeling dizzy or
off balance.
7.
May hear a ringing or buzzing
sound in the ears which (tinnitus)
Treatment of sensorineural
hearing loss
In
most cases, sensorineural hearing loss is permanent as the hair cells in the
inner ear which are damaged, cannot be repaired or replaced. If one has
experienced sensorineural hearing loss due to age factor its a permanent loss
of hearing ability. Mild sensorineural hearing loss can be cured in some cases
if medical help is taken immediately. An expert doctor will diagnose the
underlying treatment before suggesting the treatment for sensorineural hearing
loss. Patients who are diagnosed with mild acquired sensorineural hearing loss
can be treated by wearing hearing aids. Whereas those with severe sensorineural
hearing loss will be treated with cochlear implants. It is an electronic
hearing device that is surgically implanted directly into the inner ear. Your
doctor will advise on the risks and benefits before implantation. Seek medical
help as soon as you start experiencing symptoms of sensorineural hearing loss
to prevent it from getting severe.
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Tinnitus is a common ear problem that affects a small percentage of people. Tinnitus is the sensation of sound in the ears which is often referred to as buzzing or ringing in the ear. Tinnitus is a symptom of an underlying condition, such as age-related hearing loss or an ear injury. The buzzing sound may be experienced in one or both ears, in low and high pitch depending on the situation.
For many people, Tinnitus can get worse with increasing age whereas in some people tinnitus can improve with proper treatment. Understanding Tinnitus symptoms and to treat them, proper diagnosis is a must.
The diffusion of tinnitus is quite common in all age groups and is observed in both males and females. Sometimes its been considered hearing loss is associated with tinnitus but it is not always the case though.
Two types of Tinnitus
1. Subjective tinnitus
It is the most common type of Tinnitus that is usually found in patients where they can only hear the sound. It is caused by ear problems in the outer, middle or inner ear.
2. Objective tinnitus
In objective tinnitus, a sound is heard by a doctor, when he or she does an examination. This is a rare case of tinnitus. It may be caused by a blood vessel problem or muscle contractions in a patient.
Some common Tinnitus symptoms
Tinnitus is the sensation of sound in the ear when there is no sound in reality. Tinnitus symptoms may include some kind of noise in the ear whether it is a ringing sound, buzzing sound or a hissing sound. The pitch can vary from low to high and it can be heard in one or both the ears. In some patients, Tinnitus may be present all the time, and in some, it may come and go.
Causes of Tinnitus
There are various causes that lead to Tinnitus, a little protection can save you from such a condition without even affecting your ear. Some common causes of Tinnitus are:
1. The high pitch of voice.
2. Excessive exposure to loud music affects your eardrums.
3. Age-related hearing loss is one such cause of Tinnitus.
4. The wax that deposits in the ear can even lead to Tinnitus.
5. If you have suffered from any Ear infection such as Otitis media, secretory otitis, labyrinthitis it can lead to Tinnitus.
6. Tinnitus can even be caused by certain drugs and antibiotics like aspirin.
7. If a person is suffering from certain medical conditions like hypertension, anemia, thyroid disorders, and diabetes it can be one of the reasons in the advent of Tinnitus.
Most patients having Tinnitus thinks that it can't be cured and they have to live with it lifelong. Patients complaining of tinnitus should consult the right doctor and undergo a medical evaluation to quaere the cause for the right treatment.
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Tinnitus is a common ear problem that affects a small percentage of people. Tinnitus is the sensation of sound in the ears which is often referred to as buzzing or ringing in the ear. Tinnitus is a symptom of an underlying condition, such as age-related hearing loss or an ear injury. The buzzing sound may be experienced in one or both ears, in low and high pitch depending on the situation.
For many people, Tinnitus can get worse with increasing age whereas in some people tinnitus can improve with proper treatment. Understanding Tinnitus symptoms and to treat them, proper diagnosis is a must.
The diffusion of tinnitus is quite common in all age groups and is observed in both males and females. Sometimes its been considered hearing loss is associated with tinnitus but it is not always the case though.
Two types of Tinnitus
1. Subjective tinnitus
It is the most common type of Tinnitus that is usually found in patients where they can only hear the sound. It is caused by ear problems in the outer, middle or inner ear.
2. Objective tinnitus
In objective tinnitus, a sound is heard by a doctor, when he or she does an examination. This is a rare case of tinnitus. It may be caused by a blood vessel problem or muscle contractions in a patient.
Some common Tinnitus symptoms
Tinnitus is the sensation of sound in the ear when there is no sound in reality. Tinnitus symptoms may include some kind of noise in the ear whether it is a ringing sound, buzzing sound or a hissing sound. The pitch can vary from low to high and it can be heard in one or both the ears. In some patients, Tinnitus may be present all the time, and in some, it may come and go.
There are various causes that lead to Tinnitus, a little protection can save you from such a condition without even affecting your ear. Some common causes of Tinnitus are:
1. The high pitch of voice.
2. Excessive exposure to loud music affects your eardrums.
3. Age-related hearing loss is one such cause of Tinnitus.
4. The wax that deposits in the ear can even lead to Tinnitus.
5. If you have suffered from any Ear infection such as Otitis media, secretory otitis, labyrinthitis it can lead to Tinnitus.
6. Tinnitus can even be caused by certain drugs and antibiotics like aspirin.
7. If a person is suffering from certain medical conditions like hypertension, anemia, thyroid disorders, and diabetes it can be one of the reasons in the advent of Tinnitus.
Most patients having Tinnitus thinks that it can't be cured and they have to live with it lifelong. Patients complaining of tinnitus should consult the right doctor and undergo a medical evaluation to quaere the cause for the right treatment.
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The form of treatment prescribed for vestibular disorders depends upon symptoms, medical history and general health, a physical examination by a qualified doctor, and diagnostic test results. The most effective treatment for benign positional vertigo (thought to be caused by small calcium carbonate crystals that block fluid movement within the inner ear) is a procedure called "Epley's maneuver." This involves moving the head in a prescribed sequence into different positions, and is designed to move the obstructing debris or "ear rocks" out of the sensitive part of the inner ear. Try to avoid head positions like prolonged tilting of the head when speaking on the telephone or rapid alternating head movements. If you are experiencing vertigo, use caution in situations such as driving, walking, or operating heavy equipment. Even short episodes of vertigo may be dangerous while doing these activities. You should take help if you suffer from vertigo, migraine, etc. from the specialists in Jaipur.
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